Why are mortars referred to as "high-angle" weapons?

Mortars are referred to as "high-angle" weapons primarily because they are designed to be fired at elevated angles, typically greater than 45 degrees. This high-angle trajectory allows mortars to effectively deliver explosive ordnance to targets that are either obscured by terrain, such as hills or buildings, or located at significant elevation compared to the mortar's position.

The use of high angles provides several tactical advantages, including the ability to achieve a steep descent onto a target, which can be crucial in hitting fortifications or troops hidden in cover. This characteristic distinguishes mortars from other artillery pieces that are usually employed at lower angles, focusing on direct fire. Therefore, the ability to operate effectively at high angles is a defining feature of mortars, making the choice that highlights angles greater than 45 degrees the correct one.